Marker
|
Cancers
|
In what else?
|
When used
|
Sample
|
AFP
|
Liver, germ cells, ovaries,
testes
|
Pregnancy, hepatitis
|
Diagnose, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
CA 15-3
|
Breast, and others: lung,
ovarian
|
Benign breast disease
|
Stage, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
CA 19-9
|
Pancreatic, bowel, bile
|
Pancreatitis, IBD
|
Stage, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
CA-125
|
Ovarian, pancreatic Ca (60%),
other malignancies
|
Endometriosis, pregnancy,
cysts, PID, cirrhosis
|
Stage, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
CEA
|
Bowel, lung, breast, thyroid,
pancreas, liver, cervix, bladder
|
Hepatitis, COPD, colitis,
pancreatitis, smoking
|
Treatment and recurrence
|
Blood
|
Oestrogen R
|
Breast
|
Increased in hormone
dependent Ca
|
Prognosis and guide Rx
|
Tissue
|
hCG
|
Testicular, trophoblastic
|
Pregnancy, testicular failure
|
Diagnose, monitor, treat
|
Tissue
|
Her-2/neu
|
Breast
|
Oncogene; 20-30% breast Ca
|
Prognosis, guide Rx
|
Tissue
|
Progesterone R
|
Breast
|
Increased in hormone
dependent Ca |
Prognosiis, guide Rx
|
Tissue
|
PSA
|
Prostate
|
BPH, prostatitis, ageing
|
Diagnose, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
BTA
|
Bladder tumour antigen; not
widely used
|
-
|
Recurrence
|
Urine
|
CA 72-4
|
Ovarian; not better than
CA-125 but can be complimentary
|
-
|
Diagnosis
|
Blood
|
Calcitonin
|
Thyroid medullary Ca
|
Pernicious anaemia,
thyroiditis
|
Diagnose, monitor, recurrence
|
Blood
|
SA-100
|
Metastatic melanoma
|
Not widely used
|
Diagnosis
|
Blood
|
TA-90
|
Metastatic melanoma
|
Not widely used; under study
|
Diagnosis
|
Blood
|
Thyroglobulin
|
Thyroid
|
|
Recurrence (post removal)
|
Blood
|