Heart Failure (High Output)
DEFINITION
Heart failure (see card) where the cardiac output is elevated, due to
excessive demand, particularly as a precipitant for a predisposed heart.
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INCIDENCE
See Heart Failure card.
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AETIOLOGY
Pathogenesis
Cardiac output is elevated, yet still cannot meet demands of supply to
tissues.
Heart is often predisposed.
Sieve
(See specific cards for seives).
AV fistulae,
Anaemia
Hyperthyroidism.
Beriberi.
Paget's.
Pregnancy.
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BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR
Pathophysiology
Excessive demand for available cardiac output.
Cardiac output is elecated.
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MANIFESTATIONS
See Heart Failure Card.
Hypoperfusion of bodily tissues most important feature.
Ie less congestion.
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INVESTIGATIONS
Target suspected cause.
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MANAGEMENT
Target underlying cause.
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